Optimization Of The Hairy Root Transformation In Soybean To Facilitate Bioassays With The Root Pathogen Phytophthora Sojae

Download or read book Optimization of the Hairy-root Transformation in Soybean to Facilitate Bioassays with the Root Pathogen Phytophthora Sojae written by Sangeeta Parthasarathy and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) is a multi-billion-dollar crop primarily used to produce animal feed, food, and fuel. Soybean ranks fourth in terms of area, and the area under its cultivation is increasing every year. With the increase in cultivated areas, pest and disease problems have also increased. Phytophthora root rot (PRR) is one of the most important diseases of soybeans. The oomycete Phytophthora sojae is the pathogen responsible for the disease and accounts forbillion in losses annually for the North American soybean industry. This pathogen attacks the plant at all stages of growth, often leading to replanting or complete loss of the crop. The most effective way to reduce the economic losses caused by PRR is to use cultivars resistant to P. sojae (Rps) genes. Approximately 33 Rps genes has been identified. Many of these 33 Rps genes are linked to genetic markers, but only Rps11 has been identified and cloned. Our laboratory has identified putative sequences of Rps genes, and the functional characterization of these sequences must go through the transformation of soybeans. Different methods, such as Agrobacterium-mediated transformation or biolistic transformation, generate genetically modified soybean plants from callus or other explants. Yet, these techniques are labor-intensive and time-consuming, with a low efficiency rate. When studying genes expressed in root systems, the Rhizobium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation technique is ideal. Hairy root transformation has been regularly applied to study root biology or secondary metabolite production, but rarely to study host-pathogen interactions. In this work, the hairy root transformation technique was optimized to characterize the functionality of candidate Rps genes against P. sojae by bioassays in hydroponic systems. First, we tested several strains of Rhizobium rhizogenes and different inoculation methods to identify the procedure that would yield the maximum number of transformed roots. As a reporter gene, RUBY was selected for its non-destructive properties and easily identified expression in transformed roots. We also validated the function of six soybean promoters using the optimized hairy root transformation system. Five of six promoters expressed the dsRed2 reporter gene better than the positive control CaMV35S promoter. Finally, the best promoter was used to design an expression cassette for candidate Rps gene from previously identified sequences, which can be used for functional characterization by hydroponic phenotyping. In conclusion, this optimized hairy root transformation will provide a rapid and reliable method to validate the function of putative Rps genes in the soybean- P. sojae interaction.