Cnn 2020 8 No239

Download or read book CNN 互動英語 2020 年 8 月號 No.239【有聲版】 written by LiveABC編輯群 and published by 希伯崙股份有限公司. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brutal but Baffling 新冠病毒侵害人體之謎大解密 The Unexpected Ways the Coronavirus Impacts the Human Body DR. MATT BAI, EMERGENCY MEDICINE PHYSICIAN, MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL And now, I’m ready to go out into the ER. [I] don’t know quite what to expect yet. DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CORRESPONDENT Don’t know what to expect—in so many ways. The coronavirus has challenged ER doctors like Matt Bai since it hit, baffling doctors with its mysterious symptoms. [The] coronavirus is a respiratory virus. It can spread through droplets with each cough or each breath. DR. MANISHA JUTHANI-MEHTA, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY, YALE UNIVERSITY You have a droplet that then goes into your nose, maybe down to your throat and eventually down into your lungs. DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CORRESPONDENT But some people have critically low oxygen levels and, yet, still appear like you and me. DR. RICHARD LEVITAN, EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN [It’s] almost unimaginable how people could be awake and alert and have oxygen levels that are half normal. DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CORRESPONDENT And it gets even more confusing. A respiratory virus doesn’t typically cause isolated loss of smell or bumps and lesions on the feet. From nose to toes and nearly every organ in between, how does a microscopic strand of RNA wreak so much and such varied destruction? DR. MATT BAI, EMERGENCY MEDICINE PHYSICIAN, MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL So, when they come in, they can be to the extreme where they have no pulse already, or they’re coming in breathing really fast and hypoxic with a very low oxygen level and cold and blue. DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CORRESPONDENT It could have to do with the way the virus typically enters our cells in the first place. You’re looking at the ACE2 receptor. Now, see how the spikes on the coronavirus bind to the surface of the cell. DR. MANISHA JUTHANI-MEHTA, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY, YALE UNIVERSITY This particular receptor is known to be in lung tissue, but it’s also known to be in the heart and other parts of the body. It seems that this ACE2 receptor is expressed17 more, potentially, with age. DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CORRESPONDENT Higher levels of ACE2 are often present in men, which could also explain why they are most likely to be affected more severely—patients like 33-year-old Warren Alvega, who had a life-threatening blood clot in his lungs. WARREN ALVEGA, CORONAVIRUS PATIENT The next thing I know, I was on the floor. DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CORRESPONDENT Then there’s the mystery of what it’s doing to some children. At least three [are] dead now in New York from an illness with symptoms similar to Kawasaki disease—a condition where the blood vessels become inflamed. ANDREW CUOMO, GOVERNOR OF NEW YORK We have about 100 cases of an inflammatory disease in young children that seems to be created by the COVID[-19] virus. DR. MANISHA JUTHANI-MEHTA, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY, YALE UNIVERSITY The children that are having these signs of inflammatory conditions—they already had the infection over two weeks ago. So, this is not like another virus that I’ve seen. DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CORRESPONDENT This tiny little virus which cannot even be killed because truth is, it’s not even alive. 西奈山醫院急診科醫師 麥特．白醫師 現在，我準備要出去進到急診室了。我還太不知道該預期什麼樣的狀況。 CNN特派員 桑杰．古普塔醫師 不知道該預期什麼樣的狀況──在許多方面都是。自從疫情爆發以來，新冠病毒給像麥特．白這樣的急診室醫師帶來了挑戰，其詭秘的症狀令醫生們困惑不解。新冠病毒是一種呼吸道病毒，可以伴隨每一次咳嗽或每一口呼吸而經由飛沫傳播。 耶魯大學醫學與流行病學副教授 梅妮莎．朱薩尼–梅塔博士 你沾到飛沫，它接著會進入你的鼻子，也許會往下進到喉嚨，最後往下進入肺部。 CNN特派員 桑杰．古普塔醫師 可是有些人的氧氣濃度相當低，但外表看起來還是和你我一樣。 急診醫師 理查．利維坦醫師 這幾乎令人難以想像，人竟然能夠意識清醒，氧氣濃度卻僅為正常的一半。 CNN特派員 桑杰．古普塔醫師 接下來甚至更令人費解了。呼吸道病毒通常不會造成個別的嗅覺喪失或在腳部造成腫塊與病變。 從鼻子到腳趾，乃至於之間的幾乎每一個器官，一個小小的核糖核酸鏈怎麼會造成這麼多以及如此多樣的破壞呢？ 西奈山醫院急診科醫師 麥特．白醫師 他們入院的時候，有可能非常危急，已經沒了脈搏，或者他們進來時呼吸非常急促，處於氧氣濃度極低的缺氧狀態，冰冷又發青。 CNN特派員 桑杰．古普塔醫師 這種情形可能和病毒一開始侵入細胞的常見方式有關係。你看到的是第二型血管收縮素轉化酶受體。現在看看新冠病毒的突刺是怎麼黏附在細胞表面的。 耶魯大學醫學與流行病學副教授 梅妮莎．朱薩尼–梅塔博士 這種特定的受體已知存在於肺部組織中，但也知道它存在於心臟以及身體其他部位。看來這個第二型血管收縮素轉化酶受體的表現可能會隨年齡更具顯性。 CNN特派員 桑杰．古普塔醫師 男性體內通常有較高濃度的第二型血管收縮素轉化酶，這點可能也解釋了男性為什麼最有可能受到比較嚴重的影響──像三十三歲的華倫．艾維加這樣的病患，他的肺部就出現了足以威脅性命的血栓。 新冠病毒病患 華倫．艾維加 接下來我就倒地了。 CNN特派員 桑杰．古普塔醫師 然後還有新冠病毒對部分兒童造成的影響這個謎團。現在，紐約至少已有三名兒童死於症狀類似川崎病的疾病，這是一種血管會發炎的病況。 紐約州長 安德魯．古莫 我們目前約有一百個病例是幼童罹患了似乎是由新冠病毒造成的發炎性疾病。 耶魯大學醫學與流行病學副教授 梅妮莎．朱薩尼–梅塔博士 出現這些發炎病症徵象的兒童，在超過兩個星期前就受到感染了。所以，這並不像我見過的其他病毒。 CNN特派員 桑杰．古普塔醫師 這個小小的病毒甚至沒有辦法被消滅，因為實際上，這種病毒根本也不算是活的。 科技 A New Era of Spaceflight 太空飛行新紀元 SpaceX成功載人登上國際太空站 SpaceX Makes History with the First Crewed Private Rocket Launch SpaceX與美國太空總署於5月30日共同完成載人飛行任務，這不僅是相隔9年後再度從美國本土將太空人送上太空，更是私人企業首次載人上太空，寫下歷史新頁！ 人物 Brand Musk 伊隆．馬斯克 狂妄無懼又富個人魅力的科技大亨 The Controversial and Charismatic CEO of Tesla and SpaceX 特斯拉和SpaceX的執行長伊隆．馬斯克在事業上不斷打破市場遊戲規則，但他的狂言狂語也時常引發爭議，如此鮮明的性格使他評價兩極，屢屢登上新聞媒體版面。 保健 Brutal but Baffling 新冠病毒侵害人體之謎大解密 The Unexpected Ways the Coronavirus Impacts the Human Body 新冠病毒之所以難纏，在於它詭譎多變、難以預料。科學家細究此病毒侵入細胞的方式，希望能解釋它為何對人體帶來如此廣泛又嚴重的傷害。 體育 Life off the Court 女網新星大坂直美暢談居家隔離生活 Naomi Osaka Talks about the Lockdown and Overcoming Shyness 女網好手大坂直美向來給人害羞寡言的印象，她趁著封城期間沉澱身心，並與CNN主播分享她這一段時間的心境轉變。 體育 The Greatest at His Greatest 籃球大帝喬丹的《最後一舞》 The Last Dance Documents Michael Jordan’s Final Chicago Bulls Season ESPN日前推出紀錄片，講述籃球巨星麥可．喬丹與芝加哥公牛隊在1997–1998年球季尋求8年內第6座NBA 總冠軍的歷程，在全球掀起一股籃球懷舊風。 專題報導 The Voice of the Unheard 不被傾聽者的心聲──暴動背後的心理分析 An Analysis of the Driving Factors behind Riots 非裔男子佛洛伊德遭警察壓頸致死事件點燃全美怒火，民眾上街抗議種族歧視與執法暴力，甚至演變成多起暴動。專家分析此情形背後的原因。 專題報導 Unity amid Fury 美國種族示威中的暖心片刻 Solidarity Shown between Police Officers and Protesters in George Floyd’s Death 在這波反種族歧視的抗議行動中，發生了不少感人的插曲，或許也證明了要消除對立，包容與理解才是解方。 科學 The Antivirus Blueprint 和時間賽跑 疫情大流行點燃全球疫苗競賽 Scientists Attempt to Train Human Body to Detect Signs of the Virus 倫敦帝國學院的團隊正在研發一款新型疫苗，將含新冠病毒刺突蛋白的基因碼注入人體，訓練人體免疫系統自行產生抗體，殺死病毒。 科學 Four-Legged Aid 尋找新冠病毒解方 動物英雄也給力 Using Animals in the Global Fight against the Pandemic 動物有可能成為對抗新冠病毒的大功臣。科學家利用牛和老鼠培養病毒抗體，甚至訓練狗狗嗅出人體身上的新冠病毒。 旅遊 Brazil’s Apostle of Art 南美現代藝術殿堂──聖保羅 Looking at the Heritage of São Paulo’s Art Scene 位於巴西東南部的聖保羅是全球第四大城市，移民眾多、文化底蘊豐富，也孕育出多采多姿的現代藝術。 CNN 全球瞭望 China Approves Hong Kong Security Law 中國通過港版國安法 Broadway Affected by COVID-19 百老匯劇院因疫情紛紛熄燈 Scientists Discover Donut-Shaped Galaxy 科學家發現甜甜圈狀銀河 CNN主編教你唸 名人堂籃球員 單字聯想地圖 籃球英文 新聞片語通 全方位搞懂CNN The Techno Cure 科技總動員 「疫」同找對策 談天說地話英文 看川普記者會學英文