Principles And Methods Of Harvesting Timber

Download or read book Principles And Methods Of Harvesting Timber written by Nelson Courtlandt Brown and published by Daya Books. This book was released on 2002 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book Describes The Principles And Methods Of Logging Operations In All The Timber Regions. Logging Is The Important Part Of Forestry In Which Our Woods Are Treated And A Future Supply Of Timber Is Assured Or The Areas Are Left In Unproductive Conditions. It Is An Epic Story Of Courage, Great Hazards And Difficulties Overcome, Success And Failure In A Struggle To Provide Some Of The Necessities Of Mankind. A More Scientific Approach Has Been Made To The Problems Of Logging, And The Profitability Of Removing The Logs Of Different Species And Sizes From Our Woods Has Been More Accurately Determined. Mechanized Logging Has Made Important Advances Especially Feeling, Bucking, And Log Loading. Progress In Prelogging, Relogging, Integrated Logging, And Salvage Cuttings Has Presented New Phases Of The Industry That Are Important In Handling Our Forest Resources. It Is Hoped That This Book Will Help The Student And Possibly The Operator To Gain A Better Understanding Of Some Of The Logging Methods. Contents Part I- General Introduction; Chapter 1: Forest Utilization-General Considerations; Definition And Scope, Early Forests-Their Influence In The Development Of The American Nation, Early Logging Practices And Sawmills, Importance And Place Of The Subject In Forestry, Logging As A Silvicultural Operation, Extent Of The Utilization Of Trees Felled In American Forests, Forestry And Lumbering-Commercial Forestry Practice, Epochs In The Development Of The American Lumber Industry, Recent Developments In Utilization Of Our Forests, Utilization In Europe And The United States Contrasted, Factors Which Determine Degree Of Utilization, Principal Characteristics In The Economic Structure Of The Lumber Industry, Coast Factors, Determination Of The Logging Plant, Logging Contracts, Integrated Logging-Prelogging And Relogging, Distribution Of Logging And Other Costs For Producing Lumber, Log Grades, Relative Values Of Primary Forest Products; Chapter 2: Forest Resources And Stumpage Valuation; Areas, Ownership, Volume Of Standing Timber, Leading Commercial Species, Summary Of Forest Resources, Stumpage And Stumpage Appraisal, Principal Products Of The Forest; Chapter 3: Forest Labor And Housing; General, Origin, Character And Nationality Of Forest Labor, Duration Of Employment, Compensation, Labor Organizations And Wages, Camps, Compensation And Other Laws Affecting Logging Costs; Chapter 4: Partial Cutting (Selective Logging); Definition And Scope, Conditions Under Which Partial Cutting May Be Practiced, Advantages Of Partial Cutting, Objection And Disadvantages, Application Of Partial Cutting On National Forests, Example Of Selective Logging In Central New York; Part 2: Preparation Of Logs For Transport; Chapter 5: Felling And Bucking; Woods Tools, Mechanized Felling, Bucking And Limbing Devices, Girdling, Felling, Log Making (Bucking), Factors Of Cost In Felling And Log Making, Organization Of Felling And Bucking Crews, Detection Of Metals In Saw Logs; Part 3: Minor Log Transportation; Chapter 6: Log Transportation; General Considerations, Factors Which Determine Selection Of Method Of Minor Transportation (Log Assemblage Or Skidding); Factors Which Determine Selection Of Method Of Major Transportation (Main Log Haul); Historical Periods In The Development Of American Log Transportation, Minor Transportation-Log Assemblage; Chapter 7: Animal Skidding; General Methods And Procedure, Skidding Devices And Methods, Relative Efficiency And Comparison With Tractors, Skidding Distances And Governing Factors, Summary Of Disadvantages, Silvicultural Considerations; Chapter 8: Tractor Logging; General And Historical, Purposes For Which Tractors Are Used, Advantages Of Tractors Over Other Methods Of Skidding And Hauling, Principal Uses Of Tractors On Logging Operations, Principles Of Operation, Silvicultural Considerations; Chapter 9: Power Logging-Cable-Hauling Systems; Characteristics Of Cable-Haulign Systems, Historical, Cable-Hauling Equipment, Cable-Hauling Systems, Operating Combinations Of Cable-Hauling Systems, Silvicultural Considerations Of Cable-Hauling Systems, Loading Systems Adapted For Use With Power Logging; Chapter 10: Combined Minor And Major Transportation; Conditions Where Single Haul Is Used, Methods; Part 4- Loading For Transport; Chapter 11: Landings; General, Duration Of Storage-Cold Decking And Hot Logging; Chapter 12: Loading; Rollway Direct To Transport Facilities-Hand Loading, Animal Power And Tractor Loaders, Engine-Powered Loaders, Portable Mechanized Log Loaders; Part 5- Major Land Transportation; Chapter 13: Chutes; Types, Factors And Considerations Determining Use, Construction, Capacity, Operation, Braking And Acceleration Devices, Advantages And Disadvantages, The Sykes Portable Log Chute; Chapter 14: Wheeled Vehicles-Animal And Tractor Draft; Summary Of Woods Operations Where Used, Types Of Wagons, Wagon-Haul Roads, Advantages And Disadvantages, Crawler Wheels And Wagons, Logging Trailers, Chapter 15: Sleds; Types Of Sleds, Construction And Operation Of Winter-Sled-Haul Roads, Devices To Retard Speed, Toting (Portaging) Suppliers And Materials; Chapter 16: Motor Trucks; Distances, Depreciation, Number Of Trucks In Use, Contract Hauling, Capacity, Operating Costs, Reasons For Increased Use Of Trucks, Conditions To Which Motor Trucks Are Especially Adapted, Advantages, Limitations Of Motor-Truck Hauling, Railroad Versus Motor-Truck Logging, Features Of Improved-Logging Truck Design, Loading, Unloading, Types Of Roads, Weights Of Green Logs; Chapter 17: Forest Railroads; Historical, Conditions Determining Use, Location And Grade, Construction, Equipment, Operation And Maintenance, Track-Laying And Lifting Machines, Fire-Fighting Apparatus, Advantages, Disadvantages, Competition With Other Methods; Part 6- Major Water Transportation; Chapter 18: General Consideration; Floatable Species And Relative Floatability; Chapter 19: Floating And Driving; Conditions Necessary Or Advisable For Floating And Driving, Advantage, Disadvantage, Splash Dams, Riparian And Bed Improvements, Operation, Mechanized Pulpwood Conveyor And Sorting System; Chapter 20: River And Lake Rafts And Booms; History And Development, Piers, Types Of Flat Rafts, Pulpwood Booms; Chapter 21: Ocean Rafts; History And Development, Conditions For Ocean-Going Rafts, Power Used In Towing; Chapter 22: Flumes; Types And Conditions Of Use, Advantages, Disadvantages, Regions Where Used, Construction, Operation, Examples; Chapter 23: Barges And Steamers; Part 7- Summary; Chapter 24: Summary Of Regional Logging Methods; Summary Of Minor And Major Transportation Methods.